Love & Friendship
From Jane Austen’s novella, the beautiful and cunning Lady Susan Vernon visits the estate of her in-laws to wait out colorful rumors of her dalliances and to find husbands for herself and her daughter. Two young men, handsome Reginald DeCourcy and wealthy Sir James Martin, severely complicate her plans.
Despite its small-scale budget of $3.0M, Love & Friendship became a box office phenomenon, earning $21.4M worldwide—a remarkable 613% return. The film's compelling narrative attracted moviegoers, demonstrating that strong storytelling can transcend budget limitations.
Plot Structure
Story beats plotted across runtime
Narrative Arc
Emotional journey through the story's key moments
Story Circle
Blueprint 15-beat structure
Arcplot Score Breakdown
Weighted: Precision (70%) + Arc (15%) + Theme (15%)
Love & Friendship (2016) showcases strategically placed narrative architecture, characteristic of Whit Stillman's storytelling approach. This structural analysis examines how the film's 15-point plot structure maps to proven narrative frameworks across 1 hour and 34 minutes. With an Arcplot score of 7.4, the film balances conventional beats with creative variation.
Structural Analysis
The Status Quo at 1 minutes (1% through the runtime) establishes Lady Susan Vernon arrives at Churchill, the estate of her late husband's brother, amid gossip and scandal. Character cards introduce the social world and Lady Susan's notorious reputation as a seductress and schemer.. Significantly, this early placement immediately immerses viewers in the story world.
The inciting incident occurs at 12 minutes when Lady Susan learns that Lord Manwaring's wife has discovered their affair and is spreading the scandal throughout society. Her reputation and schemes are suddenly threatened, forcing her to accelerate her plans.. At 13% through the film, this Disruption is delayed, allowing extended setup of the story world. This beat shifts the emotional landscape, launching the protagonist into the central conflict.
The First Threshold at 24 minutes marks the transition into Act II, occurring at 25% of the runtime. This reveals the protagonist's commitment to Lady Susan makes the active choice to pursue Reginald DeCourcy as her romantic target, despite his family's warnings about her. She deploys her full charm and begins her systematic seduction., moving from reaction to action.
At 48 minutes, the Midpoint arrives at 51% of the runtime—precisely centered, creating perfect narrative symmetry. The analysis reveals that this crucial beat Lady Susan achieves a false victory as Reginald DeCourcy is completely under her spell and defends her to his family. She appears to have successfully rehabilitated her reputation while keeping all her options open. The game seems won., fundamentally raising what's at risk. The emotional intensity shifts, dividing the narrative into clear before-and-after phases.
The Collapse moment at 70 minutes (75% through) represents the emotional nadir. Here, Reginald discovers Lady Susan meeting secretly with Lord Manwaring in London. Her careful construction of lies collapses as he realizes the depth of her deception. The romantic prize she worked so hard to secure walks away, and her reputation lies in ruins., reveals the protagonist at their lowest point. This beat's placement in the final quarter sets up the climactic reversal.
The Second Threshold at 77 minutes initiates the final act resolution at 82% of the runtime. Lady Susan realizes that Sir James Martin, the wealthy fool she had dismissed, remains devoted to her despite everything. With characteristic pragmatism, she sees a new path forward through his fortune and willful ignorance of her nature., demonstrating the transformation achieved throughout the journey.
Emotional Journey
Love & Friendship's emotional architecture traces a deliberate progression across 15 carefully calibrated beats.
Narrative Framework
This structural analysis employs a 15-point narrative structure framework that maps key story moments. By mapping Love & Friendship against these established plot points, we can identify how Whit Stillman utilizes or subverts traditional narrative conventions. The plot point approach reveals not only adherence to structural principles but also creative choices that distinguish Love & Friendship within the drama genre.
Comparative Analysis
Additional drama films include Eye for an Eye, South Pacific and Kiss of the Spider Woman.
Plot Points by Act
Act I
SetupStatus Quo
Lady Susan Vernon arrives at Churchill, the estate of her late husband's brother, amid gossip and scandal. Character cards introduce the social world and Lady Susan's notorious reputation as a seductress and schemer.
Theme
Catherine DeCourcy Vernon remarks on Lady Susan's manipulative nature, stating that facts and truth matter little to those skilled in deception. The theme of appearance versus reality in polite society is established.
Worldbuilding
The Regency-era social world is established through character introductions via title cards. Lady Susan's financial precariousness, her daughter Frederica's situation at school, and the family dynamics at Churchill are revealed. We see Lady Susan's charm offensive on her in-laws.
Disruption
Lady Susan learns that Lord Manwaring's wife has discovered their affair and is spreading the scandal throughout society. Her reputation and schemes are suddenly threatened, forcing her to accelerate her plans.
Resistance
Lady Susan debates her options with her American confidante Alicia Johnson through witty correspondence. She considers various suitors for herself and her daughter, weighing the wealthy but dim Sir James Martin against the charming Reginald DeCourcy.
Act II
ConfrontationFirst Threshold
Lady Susan makes the active choice to pursue Reginald DeCourcy as her romantic target, despite his family's warnings about her. She deploys her full charm and begins her systematic seduction.
Mirror World
Frederica Vernon arrives unexpectedly at Churchill, having run away from school to escape marriage to Sir James Martin. Her genuine distress and innocent nature contrast sharply with her mother's scheming, embodying the story's theme of authenticity versus artifice.
Premise
Lady Susan's manipulations unfold with comedic precision. She successfully captivates Reginald despite his family's opposition, manages her daughter's unwanted presence, maintains correspondence with Lord Manwaring, and juggles Sir James Martin as a backup plan. Her verbal wit dominates every scene.
Midpoint
Lady Susan achieves a false victory as Reginald DeCourcy is completely under her spell and defends her to his family. She appears to have successfully rehabilitated her reputation while keeping all her options open. The game seems won.
Opposition
Complications mount as Frederica secretly appeals to Reginald for help escaping Sir James Martin, creating romantic tension. Mrs. Johnson's husband forbids her contact with Lady Susan. Lord Manwaring's wife arrives in London threatening exposure. Lady Susan's web of lies becomes increasingly difficult to maintain.
Collapse
Reginald discovers Lady Susan meeting secretly with Lord Manwaring in London. Her careful construction of lies collapses as he realizes the depth of her deception. The romantic prize she worked so hard to secure walks away, and her reputation lies in ruins.
Crisis
Lady Susan faces the consequences of her exposed schemes. Reginald is lost to her, her friendship with Alicia is severed by Mr. Johnson, and she must confront a future without her preferred options. The social death of a ruined reputation looms.
Act III
ResolutionSecond Threshold
Lady Susan realizes that Sir James Martin, the wealthy fool she had dismissed, remains devoted to her despite everything. With characteristic pragmatism, she sees a new path forward through his fortune and willful ignorance of her nature.
Synthesis
Lady Susan executes her revised plan with typical efficiency. She accepts Sir James Martin's proposal, securing wealth and position. Frederica, now free of Sir James, finds genuine happiness with Reginald DeCourcy, achieving the authentic love her mother never valued.
Transformation
Lady Susan, now Lady Martin, presides over her London home with Sir James as her adoring, oblivious husband. She has not transformed morally but has transformed her circumstances. The final image shows her triumphant in her own fashion—a satirical inversion of the traditional happy ending.