Rocco and His Brothers
Widow Rosaria moves to Milano from Lucania with four of her sons, one of whom is Rocco; the eldest son, Vincenzo, already lives in Milano. In the beginning, the family has a lot of problems, but everyone manages to find something to do. Simone is boxing, Rocco works in a dry cleaner's, and Ciro studies. Simone meets Nadia, a prostitute, and they have a stormy affair. Then after finishing his military service, Rocco begins a relationship with Nadia. A bitter feud explodes between the brothers--will it lead to murder?
Nominated for 2 BAFTA 10 wins & 10 nominations
Plot Structure
Story beats plotted across runtime
Narrative Arc
Emotional journey through the story's key moments
Story Circle
Blueprint 15-beat structure
Arcplot Score Breakdown
Weighted: Precision (70%) + Arc (15%) + Theme (15%)
Rocco and His Brothers (1960) showcases deliberately positioned narrative architecture, characteristic of Luchino Visconti's storytelling approach. This structural analysis examines how the film's 15-point plot structure maps to proven narrative frameworks across 2 hours and 58 minutes. With an Arcplot score of 6.8, the film balances conventional beats with creative variation.
Characters
Cast & narrative archetypes
Rocco Parondi
Simone Parondi
Nadia
Rosaria Parondi
Ciro Parondi
Vincenzo Parondi
Luca Parondi
Ginetta
Main Cast & Characters
Rocco Parondi
Played by Alain Delon
The idealistic and saintly third brother who becomes a boxer and struggles with morality when torn between his brother Simone and his lover Nadia.
Simone Parondi
Played by Renato Salvatori
The volatile and self-destructive second brother whose jealousy, violence, and moral decay drive the family's tragedy.
Nadia
Played by Annie Girardot
A prostitute caught between Simone and Rocco, whose love for Rocco becomes her downfall at Simone's hands.
Rosaria Parondi
Played by Katina Paxinou
The devoted matriarch who moves her family from rural southern Italy to Milan, desperately trying to hold them together as they drift apart.
Ciro Parondi
Played by Max Cartier
The pragmatic and morally grounded fourth brother who works honestly and ultimately chooses justice over family loyalty.
Vincenzo Parondi
Played by Spiros Focás
The eldest brother who tries to establish himself in Milan, marries Ginetta, and represents initial hope for family success.
Luca Parondi
Played by Rocco Vidolazzi
The youngest brother who observes the family's disintegration and represents the next generation's uncertain future.
Ginetta
Played by Claudia Cardinale
Vincenzo's fiancée who becomes strained by the burden of the Parondi family's problems.
Structural Analysis
The Status Quo at 1 minutes (1% through the runtime) establishes The Parondi family arrives at Milan's central station from southern Italy - mother Rosaria and her four sons (Simone, Rocco, Ciro, Luca) plus young Vincenzo who awaits them, seeking a new life in the industrial north.. Significantly, this early placement immediately immerses viewers in the story world.
The inciting incident occurs at 20 minutes when Simone brings Nadia to Vincenzo's engagement party uninvited, causing a violent disruption. The clash between the family's traditional southern values and Milan's modern moral landscape erupts, foreshadowing the tragedy to come.. At 11% through the film, this Disruption aligns precisely with traditional story structure. This beat shifts the emotional landscape, launching the protagonist into the central conflict.
The First Threshold at 46 minutes marks the transition into Act II, occurring at 26% of the runtime. This illustrates the protagonist's commitment to Rocco returns from military service and falls deeply in love with Nadia, not knowing her past with Simone. This choice to pursue love commits him to a path that will destroy his relationship with his brother and test his capacity for sacrifice., moving from reaction to action.
At 92 minutes, the Midpoint arrives at 51% of the runtime—precisely centered, creating perfect narrative symmetry. Notably, this crucial beat Simone violently assaults and rapes Nadia in front of Rocco in a snow-covered field, forcing Rocco to watch. This brutal act raises the stakes irrevocably and transforms the story from family drama into tragic inevitability. Rocco's failure to defend Nadia marks his moral collapse., fundamentally raising what's at risk. The emotional intensity shifts, dividing the narrative into clear before-and-after phases.
The Collapse moment at 133 minutes (75% through) represents the emotional nadir. Here, Simone murders Nadia in a park, stabbing her repeatedly when she attempts to leave him for good and return to Rocco. The whiff of death becomes literal - the woman who represented the possibility of redemption and transformation is destroyed by the toxic family loyalty Rocco insisted on preserving., demonstrates the protagonist at their lowest point. This beat's placement in the final quarter sets up the climactic reversal.
The Second Threshold at 142 minutes initiates the final act resolution at 80% of the runtime. Ciro makes the decisive choice Rocco cannot: he reports Simone to the police. This act breaks the family's code of absolute loyalty but represents moral clarity - some bonds must be severed for justice and sanity to survive., demonstrating the transformation achieved throughout the journey.
Emotional Journey
Rocco and His Brothers's emotional architecture traces a deliberate progression across 15 carefully calibrated beats.
Narrative Framework
This structural analysis employs proven narrative structure principles that track dramatic progression. By mapping Rocco and His Brothers against these established plot points, we can identify how Luchino Visconti utilizes or subverts traditional narrative conventions. The plot point approach reveals not only adherence to structural principles but also creative choices that distinguish Rocco and His Brothers within the crime genre.
Luchino Visconti's Structural Approach
Among the 3 Luchino Visconti films analyzed on Arcplot, the average structural score is 6.8, demonstrating varied approaches to story architecture. Rocco and His Brothers takes a more unconventional approach compared to the director's typical style. For comparative analysis, explore the complete Luchino Visconti filmography.
Comparative Analysis
Additional crime films include The Bad Guys, Rustom and The Whole Ten Yards. For more Luchino Visconti analyses, see The Innocent, The Damned.
Plot Points by Act
Act I
SetupStatus Quo
The Parondi family arrives at Milan's central station from southern Italy - mother Rosaria and her four sons (Simone, Rocco, Ciro, Luca) plus young Vincenzo who awaits them, seeking a new life in the industrial north.
Theme
Vincenzo's fiancée Ginetta's family rejects the Parondis as "southern peasants," establishing the film's exploration of loyalty, sacrifice, and whether family bonds can survive the corrupting forces of urban modernity.
Worldbuilding
The family struggles to find housing and work in hostile Milan. Simone meets Nadia, a prostitute, and begins a passionate affair. The brothers find jobs - Simone and Rocco show promise as boxers. The family dynamic reveals Rosaria's fierce matriarchal control and the brothers' different responses to their new world.
Disruption
Simone brings Nadia to Vincenzo's engagement party uninvited, causing a violent disruption. The clash between the family's traditional southern values and Milan's modern moral landscape erupts, foreshadowing the tragedy to come.
Resistance
The narrative splits into brother-focused chapters. Simone's boxing career shows early promise but his obsession with Nadia grows destructive. Rocco is drafted into military service. Ciro begins working at the Alfa Romeo factory, representing honest labor. The family debates how to survive: through traditional solidarity or individual ambition.
Act II
ConfrontationFirst Threshold
Rocco returns from military service and falls deeply in love with Nadia, not knowing her past with Simone. This choice to pursue love commits him to a path that will destroy his relationship with his brother and test his capacity for sacrifice.
Mirror World
Rocco and Nadia's romance blossoms, offering the possibility of redemption and escape from the cycle of violence and exploitation. Nadia represents the thematic question: can love transform and redeem, or do the past and family obligations make freedom impossible?
Premise
Rocco and Nadia's relationship deepens while Simone descends into jealous rage and professional failure as a boxer. The premise explores whether sacrifice and family loyalty can coexist with personal happiness. Rocco begins his own boxing career to support the family, showing natural talent.
Midpoint
Simone violently assaults and rapes Nadia in front of Rocco in a snow-covered field, forcing Rocco to watch. This brutal act raises the stakes irrevocably and transforms the story from family drama into tragic inevitability. Rocco's failure to defend Nadia marks his moral collapse.
Opposition
Rocco sacrifices his love for Nadia, giving her back to Simone to preserve family unity. He throws himself into boxing, becoming successful but hollow. Simone becomes Nadia's pimp, exploiting her completely. Ciro watches in disgust as Rocco enables Simone's corruption through misguided loyalty. The family fragments under the weight of Rocco's terrible choice.
Collapse
Simone murders Nadia in a park, stabbing her repeatedly when she attempts to leave him for good and return to Rocco. The whiff of death becomes literal - the woman who represented the possibility of redemption and transformation is destroyed by the toxic family loyalty Rocco insisted on preserving.
Crisis
Rocco discovers Nadia's murder. In his dark night, he helps Simone hide from police, still unable to break his devotion to family despite the catastrophic cost. Ciro confronts Rocco, disgusted by his complicity. The family's moral rot is complete.
Act III
ResolutionSecond Threshold
Ciro makes the decisive choice Rocco cannot: he reports Simone to the police. This act breaks the family's code of absolute loyalty but represents moral clarity - some bonds must be severed for justice and sanity to survive.
Synthesis
Simone is arrested. The family disintegrates. Ciro plans to take young Luca back south, away from Milan's corruption. Rocco remains trapped in his boxing career, a hollow man who sacrificed everything - love, morality, selfhood - for a family unity that proved worthless.
Transformation
Ciro and young Luca walk through Milan discussing returning south and getting an education, suggesting hope for the next generation. But Rocco remains alone, destroyed by his misguided loyalty - the closing image of a man who chose family over love, sacrifice over justice, and lost his soul in the process.