
Signs
A widowed former reverend living with his children and brother on a Pennsylvania farm finds mysterious crop circles in their fields, which suggests something more frightening to come.
Despite a respectable budget of $72.0M, Signs became a commercial success, earning $408.2M worldwide—a 467% return.
3 wins & 34 nominations
Plot Structure
Story beats plotted across runtime


Narrative Arc
Emotional journey through the story's key moments
Story Circle
Blueprint 15-beat structure
Characters
Cast & narrative archetypes
Graham Hess
Merrill Hess
Morgan Hess
Bo Hess
Colleen Hess
Main Cast & Characters
Graham Hess
Played by Mel Gibson
A former Episcopal priest who has lost his faith after his wife's death, now running a farm with his family.
Merrill Hess
Played by Joaquin Phoenix
Graham's younger brother, a failed minor league baseball player living on the farm.
Morgan Hess
Played by Rory Culkin
Graham's intelligent and anxious 10-year-old son with asthma.
Bo Hess
Played by Abigail Breslin
Graham's 5-year-old daughter who leaves glasses of water around the house.
Colleen Hess
Played by Patricia Kalember
Graham's late wife whose dying words provide crucial meaning to the family's survival.
Structural Analysis
The Status Quo at 1 minutes (1% through the runtime) establishes Graham Hess wakes in distress to the sound of his children screaming. The empty space beside him in bed and the collar hanging unused on his dresser immediately establish a man who has lost his wife and abandoned his faith as a reverend.. The analysis reveals that this early placement immediately immerses viewers in the story world.
The inciting incident occurs at 13 minutes when The family discovers massive crop circles in their cornfield. What initially seems like vandalism becomes something far more disturbing when news reports reveal identical patterns appearing worldwide, forcing the Hess family to confront an inexplicable phenomenon.. At 12% through the film, this Disruption aligns precisely with traditional story structure. This beat shifts the emotional landscape, launching the protagonist into the central conflict.
The First Threshold at 27 minutes marks the transition into Act II, occurring at 25% of the runtime. This indicates the protagonist's commitment to Graham makes the active choice to stay and protect his family on the farm rather than flee. After the family witnesses strange lights over their cornfield and news confirms worldwide UFO sightings, Graham decides they will face whatever comes together at home, boarding up the house., moving from reaction to action.
At 53 minutes, the Midpoint arrives at 50% of the runtime—precisely centered, creating perfect narrative symmetry. The analysis reveals that this crucial beat Graham traps an alien's fingers under a knife at Ray Reddy's house, confirming the threat is real and hostile. Ray reveals he's the one who killed Colleen and confesses he's fleeing to a lake because "they don't like water." This false defeat escalates the stakes—the aliens are real, dangerous, and everywhere—while planting a crucial clue., fundamentally raising what's at risk. The emotional intensity shifts, dividing the narrative into clear before-and-after phases.
The Collapse moment at 80 minutes (75% through) represents the emotional nadir. Here, In the basement, Morgan has a severe asthma attack, and Graham reveals to Merrill what Colleen said before she died—seemingly random words about Merrill swinging away and telling Graham to "see." Graham interprets her death as proof there is no God, no one watching over them. His despair represents the spiritual death preceding rebirth., demonstrates the protagonist at their lowest point. This beat's placement in the final quarter sets up the climactic reversal.
The Second Threshold at 85 minutes initiates the final act resolution at 80% of the runtime. Morning comes and the aliens have retreated worldwide—they've left because Earth's environment is hostile to them. The family emerges from the basement believing they've survived, providing a moment of relief and hope. Graham begins to see that perhaps there was a design to their survival., demonstrating the transformation achieved throughout the journey.
Emotional Journey
Signs's emotional architecture traces a deliberate progression across 15 carefully calibrated beats.
Narrative Framework
This structural analysis employs structural analysis methodology used to understand storytelling architecture. By mapping Signs against these established plot points, we can identify how M. Night Shyamalan utilizes or subverts traditional narrative conventions. The plot point approach reveals not only adherence to structural principles but also creative choices that distinguish Signs within the drama genre.
M. Night Shyamalan's Structural Approach
Among the 14 M. Night Shyamalan films analyzed on Arcplot, the average structural score is 7.0, reflecting strong command of classical structure. Signs exemplifies the director's characteristic narrative technique. For comparative analysis, explore the complete M. Night Shyamalan filmography.
Comparative Analysis
Additional drama films include After Thomas, South Pacific and Dirty Dancing: Havana Nights. For more M. Night Shyamalan analyses, see Unbreakable, The Sixth Sense and The Last Airbender.
Plot Points by Act
Act I
SetupStatus Quo
Graham Hess wakes in distress to the sound of his children screaming. The empty space beside him in bed and the collar hanging unused on his dresser immediately establish a man who has lost his wife and abandoned his faith as a reverend.
Theme
Officer Paski tells Graham, "I don't know what to say. Seems like something out of a bad movie." This plants the thematic question: are extraordinary events meaningful signs or meaningless coincidence? The crop circles demand interpretation.
Worldbuilding
The Hess family's isolated Pennsylvania farm is established. We meet Graham's brother Merrill, a former minor league baseball player living with them, and children Morgan (asthmatic) and Bo (who leaves water glasses everywhere due to her belief they're "contaminated"). Graham's loss of faith after his wife Colleen's death is revealed through his refusal to be called "Father."
Disruption
The family discovers massive crop circles in their cornfield. What initially seems like vandalism becomes something far more disturbing when news reports reveal identical patterns appearing worldwide, forcing the Hess family to confront an inexplicable phenomenon.
Resistance
Graham investigates the crop circles, initially resistant to supernatural explanations. He confronts Ray Reddy, who struck and killed Colleen, suspecting vandalism. Strange occurrences escalate: the dogs become aggressive, something unseen lurks in the cornfield at night. Graham debates whether to flee or stay as television reports grow increasingly alarming.
Act II
ConfrontationFirst Threshold
Graham makes the active choice to stay and protect his family on the farm rather than flee. After the family witnesses strange lights over their cornfield and news confirms worldwide UFO sightings, Graham decides they will face whatever comes together at home, boarding up the house.
Mirror World
Merrill and Graham have a pivotal conversation about faith versus coincidence. Merrill reveals he believes in signs and miracles, directly contrasting Graham's lost faith. This relationship will carry the thematic argument throughout the film, with Merrill representing what Graham must rediscover.
Premise
The family experiences the escalating alien invasion while barricaded in their farmhouse. They gather supplies, board windows, and monitor news coverage. Tension builds through a series of encounters: a leg glimpsed under a pantry door, an alien on the roof, Graham's confrontation with a trapped alien at Ray Reddy's house. The promise of the premise delivers mounting dread within domestic confinement.
Midpoint
Graham traps an alien's fingers under a knife at Ray Reddy's house, confirming the threat is real and hostile. Ray reveals he's the one who killed Colleen and confesses he's fleeing to a lake because "they don't like water." This false defeat escalates the stakes—the aliens are real, dangerous, and everywhere—while planting a crucial clue.
Opposition
The alien presence intensifies as the family retreats deeper into the house, eventually hiding in the basement. News reports describe worldwide attacks. Morgan suffers an asthma attack, and Graham's inability to comfort him spiritually becomes painfully apparent. The family's fears and Graham's crisis of faith collide as they await the invasion.
Collapse
In the basement, Morgan has a severe asthma attack, and Graham reveals to Merrill what Colleen said before she died—seemingly random words about Merrill swinging away and telling Graham to "see." Graham interprets her death as proof there is no God, no one watching over them. His despair represents the spiritual death preceding rebirth.
Crisis
The family endures their darkest night in the basement, surrounded by aliens trying to break in. Graham holds his dying faith and his asthmatic son, unable to pray, while Merrill guards the door. The emotional weight of Graham's spiritual emptiness hangs over every moment of physical danger.
Act III
ResolutionSecond Threshold
Morning comes and the aliens have retreated worldwide—they've left because Earth's environment is hostile to them. The family emerges from the basement believing they've survived, providing a moment of relief and hope. Graham begins to see that perhaps there was a design to their survival.
Synthesis
An alien that remained in the house grabs Morgan, spraying poison into his face. In this moment, all the "signs" converge: Graham remembers Colleen's dying words to tell Merrill to "swing away." Merrill grabs his mounted baseball bat and attacks the alien, knocking it into Bo's abandoned water glasses—the water burns the creature. Morgan's asthma had closed his lungs, preventing the poison from entering. Every seemingly random element was a sign.
Transformation
Graham Hess stands before his mirror, once again wearing his clerical collar. His faith has been restored through the realization that Colleen's death and her final words, Bo's water obsession, Morgan's asthma, and Merrill's batting skills were all interconnected signs. The man who lost his faith has found it again—there is someone watching over them.





